Types, natural sources and mechanism of action of antioxidants An AOX is a natural substance that provides protection to the living cell against oxidative damage and deleterious effects of ROS ( Enzymatic AOXs include glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (2427), carotenoids (e.g., beta-carotene, lycopene) (28), polyphenols (29), and trace elements like selenium and zinc (24, 30)
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2.2.1 Regulatory mechanisms of membrane phospholipid remodeling Lipid metabolic reprogramming in periodontitis is driven by the ACSL4/LPCAT3 axis
Pollution and smoking Exposure to air pollution, cigarette smoke, and other environmental stressors generates excess free radicals, which overwhelm glutathione reserves
L.VrommanA.Bernardes-SouzaB.FranckG.PerssonO.et al (2018)